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The Persian Empire is any of a series ofimperial dynasties centered in Persia(modern–day Iran). The first of these was established by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC with the conquest of Media, Lydia and Babylonia. Several later dynasties "claimed to be heirs of the Achaemenids".[1]
Persian dynastic history was interrupted by the Muslim conquest of Persia in 651 AD and later by the Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia.
The main religion of ancient Persia wasZoroastrianism, but after the seventh century, it was replaced by Islam.
In the modern era, a series of Islamic dynasties ruled Persia independently of the universal caliphate. Since 1979 Persia has been an Islamic republic.
List of dynasties described as a Persian Empire
- Median Empire (728-549 BC)
- Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC)
- Seleucid Empire (312–63 BC)
- Parthian Empire (247 BC–224 AD), also called the "Arsacid Empire"
- Sasanian Empire (224–651), also called the "Empire of Empires"
Muslim conquest of Persia (633–654)
- Samanid Empire (819-999)
- Saffarid Empire (861-1000)
- Seljuk Empire (1037–1194)
- Khwarazmian dynasty (1077-1231), centered in Khwarezm
Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia (1218–1221) - Established the Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
- Timurid Empire (1370-1507)
- Safavid dynasty (1501–1736)
- Afsharid dynasty (1736–1796)
- Zand dynasty (1750–1794)
- Qajar dynasty (1785–1925)
- Pahlavi dynasty (1925–197